Clinicopathological features and related factors of postoperative recurrence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and factors related to recurrence in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC).Methods:The clinical and pathological data of 279 patients with CSCC diagnosed by histopathology in department of dermatology, plastic surgery, burns and oral and maxillofacial surgery of People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2008 to 2019 were collected. They were divided into relapse group ( n=114) and non relapse group ( n=165) according to postoperative recurrence. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to analyze the related factors of CSCC recurrence. Results:Among 279 patients with CSCC surgery, the ratio of male to female was about 1.82∶1; the average age of onset (59.3±14.2)years, age ≥60 years (58.1%) was significantly higher; the average course of disease was 24 months; the incidence of exposed sites (88.2%) was significantly higher than that of non-exposed sites (11.8%); the degree of pathological differentiation was 182(65.2%) cases; postoperative wound healing: good 244 cases (87.5%), poor healing 35 cases (12.5%); first postoperative pathological margin: 239(85.7%) negative and 40(14.3%) positive; 60(21.5%) cases had lymph node metastasis occurred at the CSCC of diagnosis, and 219(78.5%) did not occur. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression showed that the course of disease, the location of the disease, the healing of the postoperative area, the pathological condition of the first incision margin, and whether there was lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis were related to the recurrence of CSCC ( OR all >1.6). In addition, the correlation between gender, age, lesion length, preoperative skin ulceration, pathological differentiation, adjuvant radiotherapy and other factors on the recurrence of CSCC was not clear, with no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The course of disease (≥ 20 months), the site of the disease (the exposed part of the head), the wound healing (poor), the pathological condition of the first margin (positive) and the lymph node metastasis (with metastasis) were the risk factors for recurrence of CSCC. Early and accurate diagnosis is of great significance for the prognosis of CSCC, especially for patients with independent risk factors, early sentinel lymph node biopsy can detect metastasis and deal with it in time, so as to improve the prognosis of CSCC patients.

Multidisciplinary team case discussion on complex pancreatitis with pancreatic head mass / 中华胰腺病杂志

One patient with recurrent attacks of pancreatitis and pancreatic head mass had a long history of recurrent abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting, and no significant alleviations were observed under non-surgical treatment in many hospitals. After the diagnosis and treatment by the multidisciplinary team of gastroenterology, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, oncology, pathology, radiology and other departments of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, the patient underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy to completely remove the painful lesion, without leaving histological basis for canceration caused by chronic inflammation. The safety of the surgery was greatly improved and no obvious complications were observed.

Rules of Meridians and Acupoints Selection in Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Based on Data Mining Techniques / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To help selecting appropriate meridians and acupoints in clinical practice and experimental study for Parkinson's disease (PD), the rules of meridians and acupoints selection of acupuncture and moxibustion were analyzed in domestic and foreign clinical treatment for PD based on data mining techniques.@*METHODS@#Literature about PD treated by acupuncture and moxibustion in China and abroad was searched and selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure and MEDLINE. Then the data from all eligible articles were extracted to establish the database of acupuncture-moxibustion for PD. The association rules of data mining techniques were used to analyze the rules of meridians and acupoints selection.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 168 eligible articles were included and 184 acupoints were applied. The total frequency of acupoints application was 1,090 times. Those acupoints were mainly distributed in head and neck and extremities. Among all, Taichong (LR 3), Baihui (DU 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Hegu (LI 4) and Chorea-tremor Controlled Zone were the top five acupoints that had been used. Superior-inferior acupoints matching was utilized the most. As to involved meridians, Du Meridian, Dan (Gallbladder) Meridian, Dachang (Large Intestine) Meridian, and Gan (Liver) Meridian were the most popular meridians.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The application of meridians and acupoints for PD treatment lay emphasis on the acupoints on the head, attach importance to extinguishing Gan wind, tonifying qi and blood, and nourishing sinews, and make good use of superior-inferior acupoints matching.

Research Advance on the Immune Escape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a kind of malignant hematological disease with high mortality. Patients 5-year survival rate is less than 25% and that of elderly patients is lower than 10%. Although the standardized chemotherapy or hematopoetic stem cell transplantation can significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy for AML, but disease recurrence is still a difficult problem in most patients. Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy has been regarded as the most promising treatment for AML in recent years, but immunotherapy is prone to immune escape, which has become an important factor affecting the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of immune escape of AML and taking corresponding measures in time to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the recurrence of AML are of great significance. In this review, the important cells that cause immune escape, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), natural killer cells (NK), and cell surface inhibitory receptor PD-1 (programmed death 1), which mediate immune escape of AML cells are summarized, so as to provide valuable reference for research to improve the effect of AML immunotherapy.

Expression of long non-coding RNA linc00467 in childhood acute myeloid leukemia and its role in drug resistance / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression and function of long non-coding RNA linc00467 in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML).@*METHODS@#Bone marrow samples were collected from 5 children with AML who were diagnosed from May 2016 to June 2018. Normal bone marrow samples based on bone marrow examination were collected from 3 children as controls. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of linc00467 in the two groups. A lentivirus system was used to achieve overexpression of linc00467 in AML cells (HL-60) (linc00467 overexpression group), and empty vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was transfected into AML cells to establish a GFP control group. A lentivirus system was used to insert an interfering sequence into AML cells (sh-linc00467 interfering group), and a random sequence was inserted to establish an sh-NC control group. Cell proliferation and resistance to doxorubicin were observed for all groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal control group, the children with AML had a significant increase in linc00467 (P=0.018). Overexpression and interference with linc00467 expression had no significant effect on cell proliferation. Compared with the GFP control group, the linc00467 overexpression group had a significant increase in the viability of HL-60 cells at the adriamycin concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 μg/mL (P<0.05). Compared with the sh-NC control group, the sh-linc00467 interfering group had a significant reduction in the viability of HL-60 cells at the adriamycin concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 μg/mL (P<0.05). Compared with the untreated group, the adriamycin treatment group had a significant increase in the expression of linc00467 in HL-60 cells (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study reveals the biological function of linc00467 to promote the resistance to adriamycin in AML, which provides a basis for developing new therapeutic drugs for AML.

Characteristics of patients visiting emergency department by different ways of transportation / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective@#To explore the characteristics of patients visiting emergency department by different ways of transportation.@*Methods@#The medical information of 23 039 patients visiting emergency department from January 2017 to December 2017 was obtained through the Hospital Information System (HIS). There were 20 856 patients visiting emergency arranged by themselves (self-visiting group), and 2 183 patients sent by ambulance (ambulance group). The characteristics of two groups were compared.@*Results@#The proportion of young patients in the self-visit group was the highest (45.97%, 9 587/20 856), and the proportion of elderly patients in the ambulance group was the highest (40.04%, 874/2 183). Throughout the year, the number of patients who came to the hospital by themselves was the highest in the summer, that by ambulance was the highest in the winter, while that was the lowest in spring for both groups. There was no significant fluctuation in the number of patients who came to the hospital during the week. In the self-visited group, the daily peak hours were 18:00-02:00 at night and the ambulance group were 10:00-18:00. The number of visits for top 5 system diseases were trauma, digestive system, other diseases, respiratory system and urinary system diseases in self-visiting group; and were nervous system, trauma, digestive system, respiratory system and circulatory system diseases in ambulance group. The hospitalization rates of self-visiting group and ambulance group were 14.41% (3 006/20 856) and 76.64% (1 564/2 183), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The emergency patients with different visiting modes have different characteristics. The information would be useful for rationally allocate emergency resources, optimize the treatment process, improve the emergency capacity and ensure the safety of patients.

Characteristics of patients visiting emergency department by different ways of transportation / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To explore the characteristics of patients visiting emergency department by different ways of transportation.Methods The medical information of 23 039 patients visiting emergency department from January 2017 to December 2017 was obtained through the Hospital Information System (HIS).There were 20 856 patients visiting emergency arranged by themselves (self-visiting group),and 2 183 patients sent by ambulance (ambulance group).The characteristics of two groups were compared.Results The proportion of young patients in the self-visit group was the highest (45.97％,9 587/20 856),and the proportion of elderly patients in the ambulance group was the highest (40.04％,874/2 183).Throughout the year,the number of patients who came to the hospital by themselves was the highest in the summer,that by ambulance was the highest in the winter,while that was the lowest in spring for both groups.There was no significant fluctuation in the number of patients who came to the hospital during the week.In the self-visited group,the daily peak hours were 18:00-02:00 at night and the ambulance group were 10:00-18:00.The number of visits for top 5 system diseases were trauma,digestive system,other diseases,respiratory system and urinary system diseases in self-visiting group;and were nervous system,trauma,digestive system,respiratory system and circulatory system diseases in ambulance group.The hospitalization rates of self-visiting group and ambulance group were 14.41％ (3 006/20 856) and 76.64％ (1 564/2 183),respectively.Conclusion The emergency patients with different visiting modes have different characteristics.The information would be useful for rationally allocate emergency resources,optimize the treatment process,improve the emergency capacity and ensure the safety of patients.

Correlations between the Biomechanical Properties of Cornea and Optic Nerve Head in Glaucoma / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To examine a potential correlation between corneal biomechanical properties with lamina cribrosa thickness.【Methods】Thirty-two patients with POAG，20 with NTG，15 with OHT and 26 healthy controls were included in the cross- sectional study. The parameters of corneal biomechanical properties and lamina cribrosa thickness were compared among POAG，NTG，OHT and healthy subjects by mixed-model analysis of variance（ANOVA）. Spearman′ s coefficient of rank correlation analysis was used to assess the association between parameters of deformation response and clinical factors. 【Results】 The Cronbach′ s α of lamina cribrosa thickness was 0.911，and ICC was more than 0.8. Laminar thickness was thinner in the POAG and NTG groups than in the OHT group and Normal group（P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences between OHT and normal groups（P = 0.653）. Correlation analysis showed that LCT and some important corneal biomechanical properties had significant correlation （P = 0.000）. 【Conclusions】 LCT showed different characteristic in glaucoma，and it may be an important factor for glaucoma progression. LCT and corneal biomechanical properties showed significant correlation ，and corneal biomechanical properties may be used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of optic nerve.

Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on hematopoietic function in rats after combined chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on hematopoietic function in rats after combined chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide.@*METHODS@#Eighty rats were randomized into control group and LIPUS group (=40) for treatment with intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (2 mg/kg)+cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) for 4 consecutive days and continuous irradiation with LIPUS for 7 days following the injections, respectively. The white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets counts in each group were measured at 0, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 and 18 days after the start of drug administration. The pathological sections of the bone marrow were examined at 0, 4 and 11 days, and the flow cytometry was performed for detecting the cell apoptosis; qPCR was performed for detecting the expressions of SCF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 mRNAs, and ELISA was used to detect the expressions of IL-3 and GM-CSF.@*RESULTS@#The white blood cell count was significantly higher in LIPUS group than in the control group ( < 0.05). Histopathological examination of the bone marrow revealed significantly increased hematopoietic tissue in LIPUS group ( < 0.05). Flow cytometry demonstrated an obviously lower cell apoptosis rate in the bone marrow in LIPUS group than in the control group ( < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 as well as the protein levels of IL-3 and GM-CSF were significantly increased in LIPUS group ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#LIPUS can alleviate the hematopoietic damage after combined chemotherapy with doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide probably by increasing the expressions of ICAM- 1, VCAM-1, IL- 3, and GM-CSF.

New aporphine alkaloids with selective cytotoxicity against glioma stem cells from Thalictrum foetidum / 中国天然药物

Seven new isoquinoline alkaloids, 9-(2'-formyl-5', 6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1, 2, 3, 10-tetramethoxy dehydroaporphine (1), 9-(2'-formyl-5', 6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1, 2, 3, 10-tetramethoxy oxoaporphine (2), 3-methoxy-2'-formyl oxohernandalin (3), (-)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl-5', 6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1, 2, 3, 10-tetramethoxy aporphine (4), (-)-2'-methoxycarbonyl thaliadin (5), (-)-9-(2'-methoxyethyl-5', 6'-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1, 2, 3, 10-tetramethoxy aporphine (6), (-)-3-methoxy hydroxyhernandalinol (7), together with six known isoquinoline alkaloids (8-13) were isolated from the roots of Thalictrum foetidum. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic measurements. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant selective cytotoxicity against glioma stem cells (GSC-3 and GSC-18) with IC values ranging from 2.36 to 5.37 μg·mL.

Application of local flaps in repair of defects after resection of nasal skin tumors / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of local flaps on repair of defects after surgical removal of nasal skin tumors.Methods A total of 65 patients with nasal skin tumors were enrolled from Department of Dermatology,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between March 2015 and August 2016,and subjected to surgical removal of the nasal skin tumors.According to the location,size,shape and surrounding skin of the nasal defects,nasolabial fold flaps,modified rhomboid flaps,bilobed flaps or frontal nasal flaps were chosen to repair skin and soft tissue defects.Results Of the 65 patients with nasal skin tumors,38 had basal cell carcinoma,20 pigmented nevus,5 keratoacanthoma,and 2 had squamous cell carcinoma.The lengths of the defects after resection were all below 2.5 cm.Nasolabial fold flaps were used in 32 cases,modified rhomboid flaps in 16,bilobed flaps in 12,and frontal nasal flaps in 5.All the flaps survived after the surgery,and no obvious deformation of the nose was observed.No recurrence was observed during 1 year of follow-up.Conclusion For skin defects with the length ≤ 2.5 cm after resection of nasal skin tumors,nasolabial fold flaps,modified rhomboid flaps,bilobed flaps and frontal nasal flaps can be used to repair wounds,with satisfactory efficacy.

Activation of Sonic hedgehog signaling in ventricular cardiomyocytes exerts DNA protection against hypoxia / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the protective roles of sonic hedgehog( Shh) signaling pathway in hypoxia-in-duced DNA damage with the neonatal rat cardiomyo-cytes. Methods The hypoxia model on neonatal car-diomyocytes was established with one to two days old Sprague Dawley rats by deprivation of oxygen and glu-cose ( OGD) . After pretreated with Shh pathway ago-nist SAG1.3 or antagonist GANT61, the survival rates of cardiomyocytes were assayed by MTT after OGD 6 hours or 12 hours. The protein levels of Shh pathway, phosphorylated histone H2AX at serine 139 (γH2AX), phosphorylated ATM (p-ATM), phospho-rylated p53 ( p-p53 ) , cleaved-caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot. The γH2AX foci was detected by immunofluorescence. Results Com-pared to control group, the protein expression of γH2AX, p-ATM, cleaved-caspase-3, p-p53 in OGD cardiomyocytes significantly increased, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio proportionally decreased. Particularly, the ex-pression of γH2AX, p-ATM was highest at OGD 6 h, and then gradually declined after OGD 12 h. After SAG1.3 pretreatment, the expression of γH2AX, p-ATM, cleaved-caspase-3 and p-p53 dramatically de-creased and the Bcl2/Bax ratio increased in OGD 6 h or OGD 12 h cardiomyocytes. On the contrary, in GANT61 pretreatment group, the expression of γH2AX, p-ATM, cleaved-caspase-3 and p-p53 signifi-cantly increased and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased compared to the OGD 6 h or OGD 12 h cardiomyo-cytes. Conclusion The activation of Shh pathway protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced apop-tosis through inhibition of DNA damage.

Impact on migration of SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells treated with different intensities of low intensity pulsed ultrasound / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To investigate the impact of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) with different intensities on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro.Methods BMSCs were divided into control group,30 mW/cm2 group,60 mW/cm2 group and 90 mW/cm2 group.Control group was treated by sham LIPUS exposure,and the other three groups were treated by LIPUS with corresponding intensities.The impact of LIPUS on scratch healing was tested with scratch assay,and the interference of proliferation was eliminated with MTT assay.The migration of BMSCs were evaluated with transwell migration assay.The expression of F-actin was analyzed with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorescent coloration.Results 24 h and 48 h after LIPUS exposure,there were statistical differences of scratch area among groups (F=26.559,106.110,both P＜0.001),and the scratch area of control group was the largest ([0.93 ± 0.26)mm2 of 24 h after LIPUS exposure and [0.70 ± 0.11]mm2 of 48 h after LIPUS exposure),while that of 30 mW/cm2 group was the smallest ([0.47 ±0.21]mm2 of 24 h after LIPUS exposure and [0.19±0.10]mm2 of 48 h after LIPUS exposure).There was no statistical difference of scratch area among the four groups immediately after LIPUS exposure (F=2.921,P=0.063).MTT assay results showed there was no statistical difference of absorbance among the four groups immediately,nor 24 h,48 h after LIPUS exposure (F=1.616,0.720,1.408;P=0.196,0.544,0.378).Significant difference was found in the number of cells migrated through the transwell chamber among the four groups (F=43.145,P＜0.001),and the cell number of 30 mW/cm2 group was the largest (212.53±35.32),while that of the control group was the least (89.53±19.27).F-actin fluorescence staining results showed the morphology of F-actin was changed after LIPUS exposure.The cytoskeleton became narrow and elongated.Statistical difference of relative fluorescence intensity was found among the four groups (F 64.350,P＜0.001).The relative fluorescence intensity of 30 mW/cm2 group was the largest (125.43 ± 17.43),while that of control group was the least (51.94± 12.76).Conclusion LIPUS can promote the migration ability of BMSCs in vitro with the best intensity was 30 mW/cm2.

A trend analysis of the incidence of occupational diseases in Chongqing, China, from 2006 to 2014 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the incidence of occupational diseases in Chongqing, China, from 2006 to 2014, and to analyze the harm, features, and trend of occupational diseases in Chongqing.@*Methods@#The data of new cases of occupational diseases from 2006 to 2014 were collected, and the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of occupational diseases were selected as study subjects to analyze the incidence of occupational diseases in Chongqing.@*Results@#There were 17499 cases of occupational diseases in total in Chongqing from 2006 to 2014. Among these patients, 17124 (97.86%) were male, most of whom (95.40%) had occupational pneumoconiosis, and 375 (2.14%) were female, most of whom (72.80%) had occupational chemical poisoning. There were 16400 cases (93.72%) of occupational pneumoconiosis in total, mainly coal workers' pneumoconiosis (55.87%) and silicosis (43.02%) , and the main industries involved were coal mining and washing, railway transport equipment manufacturing, and mining and washing of bituminous coal and anthracite. There were 724 cases of occupational poisoning in total; there were 281 cases of acute occupational poisoning, mainly gas poisoning (39.86%) and carbon monoxide poisoning (33.10%) ; there were 443 cases of chronic occupational poisoning, mainly poisoning caused by benzene (47.63%) , mercury and its inorganic compounds (32.74%) , and lead and its inorganic compounds (9.03%) .@*Conclusion@#Occupational diseases in Chongqing are mainly occupational pneumoconiosis, and occupational health supervision should be enhanced in the industries of coal mining and washing and railway transport equipment manufacturing to protect workers’ health.

Establishment of New Zealand rabbit models of aplastic anemia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen for the optimal dose of benzene and cyclophosphamide using an orthogonal design for establishment of New Zealand rabbit models of aplastic anemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Following an orthogonal experimental design, the effects of 3 levels of 4 factors, namely the dose of benzene (A), the dose of cyclophosphamide (B), the number of benzene injections (C), and the number of cyclophosphamide injections (D) were tested in the establishment of New Zealand rabbit models of aplastic anemia using a L(3) orthogonal table, and the optimal protocol for the model establishment was selected from the 9 experimental groups. Each rabbit received subcutaneous injection of benzene on the back every other day, followed by daily cyclophosphamide injection via the ear vein for prescribed times. The blood routine was examined every 6 days, and before modeling and at 36 days after modeling, a small sample of the femoral bone was collected for bone marrow histopathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparison of the white blood cell, erythrocyte and platelet counts among the 9 groups showed successful modeling in Groups 4-9, and daily mean reduction rates of the cell counts in Groups 7, 8, and 9 differed significantly from those in the other groups (P<0.05). In Group 7, bone marrow sections showed low myelodysplasia, reduced hematopoietic tissue, reduced or even absence of megakaryocytes, and increased fat cells. Further observation found that the rabbits in Group 7 had sustained bone marrow suppression, consistent with the clinical characteristics of the disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Stable models of aplastic anemia can be established efficiently in New Zealand rabbits by a combination of 8 subcutaneous injections of benzene at 1.5 mL/kg and 4 intravenous injections of cyclophosphamide at 10 mg/kg.</p>

Bactericidal efficacy of five kinds of disinfectant on Staphylococcus aureus / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To study the bactericidal efficacy of hospital commonly used disinfectants such as ethanol,3" chlorine tablets,iodophor,glutaraldehyde,and avagard instant hand antiseptic on Staphylococcus aureus (S.a ureus) from different sources of hospital,and provide scientific basis for effective control of healthcare-associated infection(HAI).Methods A total of 48 strains of S.aureus from inpatients,hands of health care workers,and environment surface in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were collected.Disinfectant was directly contacted with bacteria,in vitro killing efficacy of disinfectant on S.aureus from different sources at different diluted concentrations,and different contact time were studied.Results The killing rate of 5g/L iodophor,20g/L glutaraldehyde,and avagard instant hand antiseptic(0.5％ chlorhexidine + 70％ ethanol) to S.aureus with a 5-minute contact time was 100％;killing rates of 70％ ethanol and 1g/L 3" chlorine tablets to S.aureus with a 5-minute contact time were 96.5 ％-99.8 ％;but highly diluted iodophor,glutaraldehyde,and avagard instant hand antiseptic still could not completely kill S.aureus even the contact time was extended.Conclusion The routine use of disinfectants in the hospital can meet the clinical bactericidal efficacy,it is necessary to monitor concentration routinely,avoid decreasing sterilization ability.

Non-alkaloid constituents of Vinca major / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to investigate the non-alkaloid compounds from the leaves and stems of Vinca major cultivated in Yunnan Province, China. The compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques. The structures were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods in combination with UV, IR, and MS analyses. The 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity of Compounds 1-7 were evaluated. One new iridoid glycoside (compound 1), together with 11 known compounds, were isolated from Vinca major. Compounds 1, 5, and 6 showed moderate DPPH-scavenging activity, with IC50 values being 70.6, 32.8, and 62.2 μmol·L(-1), respectively. In conclusion, compound 1 is a newly identified iridoid glycoside with moderate antioxidant activity.

Chemical constituents of Solanum coagulans and their antimicrobial activities / 中国天然药物

The present study aimed at determining the chemical constituents of Solanum coagulans and their antimicrobial activities. The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical methods, and comparison with reported spectroscopic data. One new phenolic glycoside, methyl salicylate 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with 12 known compounds (2-13), were isolated from the aerial parts of Solanum coagulans. Compound 1 was a new phenolic glycoside, and 2-6 were isolated from Solanum genus for the first time. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated. Compound 7 showed remarkable antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes, M. gypseum and E. floccosum with MIC values being 3.13, 1.56 and 3.13 μg·mL(-1), respectively.

Phenolic acids isolated from the fungus Schizophyllum commune exert analgesic activity by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to search for compounds with analgesic activity from the Schizophyllum commune (SC), which is widely consumed as edible and medicinal mushroom world. Thin layer chromatography (TLC), tosilica gel column chromatography, sephadex LH 20, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to isolate and purify compounds from SC. Structural analysis of the isolated compounds was based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The effects of these compounds on voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels were evaluated using patch clamp. The analgesic activity of these compounds was tested in two types of mouse pain models induced by noxious chemicals. Five phenolic acids identified from SC extracts in the present study included vanillic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, 3-hydroxy-5-methybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They inhibited the activity of both tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-r) and tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-s) NaV channels. All the compounds showed low selectivity on NaV channel subtypes. After intraperitoneal injection, three compounds of these compounds exerted analgesic activity in mice. In conclusion, phenolic acids identified in SC demonstrated analgesic activity, facilitating the mechanistic studies of SC in the treatment of neurasthenia.

Cannulated compression screw versus dynamic hip screw-blade in the treatment of femoral neck fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To compare the curative effect and biomechanical performance of cannulated compression screw (CCS) and dynamic hip screw-blade (DHS-B) in the treatment of patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods Between February 2010 and February 2014,102 patients with femoral neck fracture were treated with CCS or DHS-B at our department.They were 54 males and 48 females,aged from 15 to 86 years.There were 30 subcapital fractures,51 transcervical ones and 21 base ones.CCS was used in 60 patients and DHS-B in 42.In-hospital data were collected retrospectively to compare the curative effects in 2 groups.Furthermore,femoral neck fracture models were established using 12 adult cadaveric femoral specimens.The 12 models were randomized into 2 equal groups (n =6).Group A was subjected to fixation by 3 CCSs and group B to fixation by DHS-B.The 2 groups were compared in terms of axial loading test,rotation test and destructive axial loading test.Results The operation time (59.4 ± 20.2 min),incision size (4.1 ±0.6 cm) and intraoperative blood loss (25.9 ±9.9 mL) in the CCS group were significantly less than those in the DHS-B group (88.6±22.9 min,12.1 ±1.2cmand 156.7±107.1 mL) (P ＜0.05).The Harris hip score for the DHS-B group (91.9±9.8) was significantly higher than that for the CCS group (87.2 ± 9.2) (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in hospital stay,partial weight-bearing time,or postoperative complications (P ＞ 0.05).At 500 N vertical loading,the stress values at both medial and lateral sides of the femur in group A were significantly smaller than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between groups A and B in the average sinking displacement of femoral head or the torque at a torsion angle of 6° (P ＞ 0.05).The maximum load in group A (2,135 ±120 N) was significantly smaller than that in group B (2,986 ± 98 N) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In treatment of femoral neck fracture,DHS-B fixation is obviously superior to CCS fixation,because the former is in better agreement with the femoral biomechanical property,and performs better in anti-rotation and anti-compression,leading to better functional recovery of the affected hip.